Anex:Punt d'ebullició dels elements químics
El punt d'ebullició dels elements químics és el grau de calor que requerixen per a generar vapor que la seua força de tensió siga igual a la pressió ambiental.[1] Diversos factors influïxen en la temperatura a la que açò ocorre, sent el més important la pressió. És per això que es fixa una pressió estàndar per a medir-ho. Encara que també influïxen factors relatius al método utilisat per a realisar la medició, com les característiques del recipient que conté el líquit o la naturalea de les traces d'impureas del mateix.[1]
Els gasos nobles hervir a baixes temperatures, degut a que tenen complet l'últim orbital. Sent l'heli l'element en el punt d'ebullició més baix.[2] Els metals de transició es caracterisen per tindre punts de fusió i ebullició alts. Sent el tàntal, el wolframio i el reni els que ho tenen a major temperatura.[3]
Senyes experimentals
[editar | editar còdic]Punt d'ebullició dels elements químics a 101,325 kPa, segons diferents autors:
| Element | Winter (1993)[4] |
Haynes i Lide (2011)[5] |
Lange (1999)[6] |
Zhang et al. (2011)[7] |
Atres fonts | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | H | hidrogen (H2) |
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| 2 | He | heli | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 3 | Li | liti | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 4 | Be | berili | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 5 | B | bor | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 6 | C | carbono (grafit) |
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| 6 | C | carbono (diamant) |
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| 7 | N | nitrogen (N2) |
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| 8 | O | oxigen (O2) |
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| 9 | F | flúor (F2) |
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| 10 | Ne | neó | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 11 | Na | sodi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 12 | Mg | magnesi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 13 | A el | alumini | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 14 | Si | silici | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 15 | P | fòsfor (blanc) |
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| 15 | P | fòsfor (roig) |
sense senyes | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist.[n. 2] | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist.[n. 2] | sense senyes | |
| 16 | S | sofre (ortorrómbico) |
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| 16 | S | sofre (monoclínic) |
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| 16 | S | sofre (plàstic) |
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| 17 | Cl | clor (Cl2) |
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| 18 | Ar | argón | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 19 | K | potassi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 20 | Ca | calcio | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 21 | Sc | escandio | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 22 | Tu | titani (hexagonal) |
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| 23 | V | vanadi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 24 | Cr | cromo | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 25 | Mn | manganeso | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 26 | Fe | ferro | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 27 | Co | cobalt | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 28 | Ni | níquel | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 29 | Cu | coure | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 30 | Zn | zinc | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 31 | Ga | gali | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 32 | Ge | germani | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 33 | As | arsènic (gra) |
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| 34 | Es | seleni (hexagonal) |
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| 35 | Br | bromo (Br2) |
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| 36 | Kr | criptón | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 37 | Rb | rubidi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 38 | Sr | estronci | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 39 | I | itri | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 40 | Zr | zirconi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 41 | Nb | niobi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 42 | Mo | molibdeno | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 43 | Tc | tecnecio (98Tc) |
Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | sense senyes | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist.[8][n. 1] |
| 44 | Ru | ruteni | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 45 | Rh | rodio | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 46 | Pd | paladi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 47 | Ag | argent | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 48 | Cd | cadmi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 49 | In | indi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 50 | Sn | estany (blanc) |
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| 51 | Sb | antimoni | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 52 | Et | telur | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 53 | I | yodo (I2) |
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| 54 | Xe | xenón | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 55 | Cs | cesi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 56 | Ba | bari | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 57 | La | lantano | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 58 | Ce | ceri | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 59 | Pr | praseodimi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 60 | Nd | neodimi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 61 | Pm | prometio (147Pm) |
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| 62 | Sm | samari | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 63 | Eu | europi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 64 | Gd | gadolini | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 65 | Tb | terbi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 66 | Digues | disprosio | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 67 | Ho | holmi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 68 | Er | erbi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 69 | Tm | tuli | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 70 | Yb | iterbio | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 71 | Lu | luteci | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 72 | Hf | hafni | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 73 | Ta | tàntal | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 74 | W | wolframio | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 75 | Re | reni | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 76 | Vos | osmi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 77 | Anar | iridi | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 78 | Pt | platí | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 79 | Au | or | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 80 | Hg | mercuri | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 81 | Tl | talio | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 82 | Pb | plom | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 83 | Bi | bismut | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | |
| 84 | Po | poloni (alfa) |
Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | sense senyes | |
| 85 | At | ástato (At2) |
sense senyes | sense senyes | sense senyes | sense senyes | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist.[9] |
| 86 | Rn | radón | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | sense senyes | |
| 87 | Fr | francio | sense senyes | sense senyes | sense senyes | sense senyes | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist.[10] |
| 88 | Ra | ràdio | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | sense senyes | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | sense senyes | |
| 89 | Ac | actini (227Ac) |
Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | sense senyes | |
| 90 | Th | tori | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | sense senyes | |
| 91 | Pa | protactinio | sense senyes | sense senyes | sense senyes | sense senyes | |
| 92 | O | urani | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | sense senyes | |
| 93 | Np | neptuni | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | sense senyes | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | sense senyes | |
| 94 | Pu | plutoni | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | sense senyes | |
| 95 | Am | americio | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | sense senyes | |
| 96 | Cm | curio (244Cm) |
Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | Error de Lua: expandTemplate: template "es:formatnum" does not exist. | sense senyes | |
Notes
[editar | editar còdic]- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Ric i Sinobas, Manuel; Santisteban, {{{nom2}}} (1858). Manual de física i elements de química, segona edició, Madrit, Espanya: Imprenta d'Eusebio Aguado, p. 156. OCLC 912358131.
- ↑ Douglas, Bodie Eugene; Alexander, {{{nom2}}} (1994). Conceptes i models de química inorgànica, segona edició, Barcelona, Espanya: Editorial Reverté, p. 577. OCLC 893526404. ISBN 9788429171532.
- ↑ Valle Bourrouet, Grettel (2004). Química descriptiva dels elements de transició: una revisió dels composts binarios, primera edició, Sant Josep de Costa Rica: Universitat de Costa Rica, p. 1. ISBN 9789977679174.
- ↑ «The periodic table of the elements» (en anglés). webelements.com. Universitat de Sheffield. Consultat el 3 de maig de 2021.
- ↑ (2011) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, ORD edició (en anglés), Boca Raton, Florida, Estats Units: CRC Press, pp. 4.121–4.123. OCLC 777187170. ISBN 9781439855119.
- ↑ Lange, Norbert Adolph (1999). «Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds», Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, ORD edició (en anglés), Nova York, Estats Units: McGraw-Hill. OCLC 61565795. ISBN 9780070163843.
- ↑ (2011).Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data.56(2)
- 328–337.ISSN 0021-9568.doi:10.1021/je1011086.
- ↑ Schwochau, Klaus (2000). Technetium: chemistry and radiopharmaceuticals (en anglés), Weinheim, Alemània: Wiley-VCH, p. 95. doi:10.1002/9783527613366. OCLC 1049827252. ISBN 9783527294961.
- ↑ Radiochimica Acta.R. Oldenbourg Verlag.Munich, Alemània:31(3–4)
- 201–203.ISSN 0033-8230.doi:10.1524/ract.1982.31.34.201.
- ↑ Lavrukhina, Avgusta Konstantinovna; Pozdnyakov, {{{nom2}}} (1970). Analytical Chemistry of Technetium, Promethium, Astatine, and Francium (en anglés), Ann Arbor, Estats Units: Ann Arbor–Humphrey Science Publishers, p. 269. OCLC 186926. ISBN 9780250399239.
Referències
[editar | editar còdic]
Referències
[editar | editar còdic]- Este artícul conté una traducció derivada de «Anexo:Punto de ebullición de los elementos químicos» de Wikipedia en castellà publicada baix la Llicència de documentació lliure de GNU i la Llicència Creative Commons Reconeiximent-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional.
Erro en la cita: Existixen etiquetes <ref> per a un grup nomenat "n.", pero no es trobà una etiqueta <references group="n."/>